The fifth step of the process, outcome evaluation, attempts to interpret the results and evaluate the outcomes of the applied evidence (intervention). Outcome measures may be psychosocial (quality of life, improved patient perception of care, reduction in depressive and anxiety symptoms), physiologic (improved health, reduced complications), or functional improvement. Evaluation of the process and the results may occur through peer assessment, audit, or even self reflection. Depending on the type of outcomes achieved, it may be possible to compare the outcomes of a study with similar outcomes on a local, regional, national, or international level.
(Adapted from Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2005). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.)
Research Findings
From the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).
Performance Measurement
From the Joint Commission.
Center for Nursing Classification & Clinical Effectiveness
From the University of Iowa College of Nursing. Contains descriptions of proposed nursing sensitive intervention and outcome indicators, and information about the classification process.
World Health Organization (WHO) Health Systems Performance Assessment
Online textbook from the WHO.